000			04619cam a22006254a 4500
001			musev2_60828
003			MdBmJHUP
005			20240815120749.0
006			m o d
007			cr||||||||nn|n
008			110903s2005 mau o 00 0 eng d
020			_a9780262285636
020			_z0262285630
020			_z9780262002745
035			_a(OCoLC)1053443663
040			_aMdBmJHUP _cMdBmJHUP
100	1		_aHippel, Eric von.
245	1	0	_aDemocratizing Innovation / _cEric von Hippel.
264		1	_aCambridge, Mass. : _bMIT Press, _c2005.
264		3	_aBaltimore, Md. : _bProject MUSE, _c2018
264		4	_c©2005.
300			_a1 online resource: _billustrations
336			_atext _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_acomputer _bc _2rdamedia
338			_aonline resource _bcr _2rdacarrier
505	0		_aIntroduction and Overview -- Development of Products by Lead Users -- Why Many Users Want Custom Products -- Users' Innovate-or-Buy Decisions -- Users' Low-Cost Innovation Niches -- Why Users Often Freely Reveal Their Innovations -- Innovation Communities -- Adapting Policy to User Innovation -- Democratizing Innovation -- Application: Searching for Lead User Innovations -- Application: Toolkits for User Innovation and Custom Design -- Linking User Innovation to Other Phenomena and Fields.
506	0		_aOpen Access _fUnrestricted online access _2star
520			_aThe process of user-centered innovation: how it can benefit both users and manufacturers and how its emergence will bring changes in business models and in public policy. Innovation is rapidly becoming democratized. Users, aided by improvements in computer and communications technology, increasingly can develop their own new products and services. These innovating users--both individuals and firms--often freely share their innovations with others, creating user-innovation communities and a rich intellectual commons. In Democratizing Innovation, Eric von Hippel looks closely at this emerging system of user-centered innovation. He explains why and when users find it profitable to develop new products and services for themselves, and why it often pays users to reveal their innovations freely for the use of all. The trend toward democratized innovation can be seen in software and information products--most notably in the free and open-source software movement--but also in physical products. Von Hippel's many examples of user innovation in action range from surgical equipment to surfboards to software security features. He shows that product and service development is concentrated among "lead users," who are ahead on marketplace trends and whose innovations are often commercially attractive. Von Hippel argues that manufacturers should redesign their innovation processes and that they should systematically seek out innovations developed by users. He points to businesses--the custom semiconductor industry is one example--that have learned to assist user-innovators by providing them with toolkits for developing new products. User innovation has a positive impact on social welfare, and von Hippel proposes that government policies, including R & D subsidies and tax credits, should be realigned to eliminate biases against it. The goal of a democratized user-centered innovation system, says von Hippel, is well worth striving for. An electronic version of this book is available under a Creative Commons license
546			_aEnglish.
588			_aDescription based on print version record.
650		7	_aInternet (impactos sociais) _2larpcal
650	1	7	_aDemocratisering. _2gtt
650	1	7	_aInnovatiediffusie. _2gtt
650	1	7	_aEconomische aspecten. _2gtt
650	1	7	_aTechnische vernieuwing. _2gtt
650		7	_aBenutzerrückmeldung _2gnd
650		7	_aTechnische Innovation _2gnd
650		7	_aTechnological innovations _xEconomic aspects. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst01145010
650		7	_aDiffusion of innovations. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst00893549
650		7	_aDemocracy. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst00890077
650		7	_ademocracy. _2aat
650		6	_aDemocratie.
650		6	_aInnovations _xDiffusion.
650		6	_aInnovations _xAspect economique.
650		2	_aDemocracy
650		2	_aDiffusion of Innovation
650		0	_aDemocracy.
650		0	_aDiffusion of innovations.
650		0	_aTechnological innovations _xEconomic aspects.
655		7	_aElectronic books. _2local
773	0		_tMIT Press/Creative commons
710	2		_aProject Muse. _edistributor
830		0	_aBook collections on Project MUSE.
856	4	0	_zFull text available: _uhttps://muse.jhu.edu/book/60828/
999			_c232088 _d232087